What age are Labradors most difficult

When Do Labradors Mature?

When do Labradors mature? Most Labrador Retrievers are considered fully grown somewhere from 11 to 18 months. There is quite a lot of room for variation in this timeframe, so dont expect all Labs to mature at the same time. Labs reach sexual maturity somewhere between 6 and 9 months old. But mental maturity can take the longest of all, with boisterous puppy behavior lasting as long as two years.

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Dogs, even those that arent fully mature, dont purposefully act naughty or stubborn to infuriate their owners. If your Lab seems to be acting out, or is refusing to follow commands, you may need to reflect on their training. Training can take a long time, and it isnt necessarily just a case of waiting for your Lab to mature. Sometimes you need to go back to the beginning to move forward.

When Do Labradors Mature Physical Maturity

Large breeds like the Labrador Retriever will reach physical maturity somewhere between the ages of 11 and 18 months. This can vary based on genetics, sex, and more. So, its hard to give an exact answer to when any specific Lab will reach physical maturity. Physical maturity can affect a lot of things, including, the type of food your dog eats. Lets take a closer look.

When are Labradors Fully Grown?

This question will depend a little on the size of your Lab when fully grown. Even within one breed, adult sizes can vary a lot. Fully grown Labs can range from 55 to 80 pounds in weight, and from 21.5 to 24.5 inches tall. Females are usually smaller than males.

Your Lab will usually reach their full grown height and weight at some point between 11 and 18 months old. But, the exact time will depend on their adult size. It can also depend on whether or not theyve been neutered.

When Should I Neuter my Lab?

If you neuter your dog before he stops growing, he may carry on growing for longer than he wouldve originally. This is because, after being neutered, your dog lacks the hormones that would switch off his growth.

This can have a negative affect on your dogs health. Studies have shown that early neutering or spaying Labradors (before 6 months old) can increase their risk of developing joint problems like hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia, and cranial cruciate ligament tear. Speak to your vet to get the latest information on this topic. Neutering or spaying your dog can have a number of health benefits, including the obvious birth control. But its important to do it at the right time.

This 2014 study suggests that neutering a Lab before 6 months old can significantly increase their risk of joint problems. So, you may choose to wait until your Lab is physically mature before you neuter or spay them.

When Should I Transition to Adult Food?

Puppy food and adult dog food have very different balances of nutrients. This is because puppy food is designed to support your puppys intense period of growth. Puppy food will contain higher levels of protein than adult dog food. When your pups growth has finished, they no longer need this higher level of protein.

Generally, its safe to switch your Lab to adult food at around 1 year old. But, this can vary from dog to dog. Some dogs will still be growing at this age, so should wait a little longer. The best person to advise you about this is your vet. They will be able to offer advice tailored to your specific Lab.

When Do Labradors Mature Sexual Maturity

Sexual maturity is another stage that is of interest to most dog owners. Its important to learn when your Lab will be sexually mature so you know when they will be at risk of getting pregnant, or impregnating another dog.

Generally, Labradors will usually reach sexual maturity somewhere between 6 and 9 months old. Although, this stage could be later. Youll notice that this is well before theyve reached physical maturity. This means it is very possible for your Lab to get pregnant whilst she is still a puppy.

When Can my Labrador Breed?

As Labradors can reach sexual maturity from as early as 6 months, some Labradors can technically mate from this young age. But, this doesnt mean your Labrador should mate this young.

When your female Lab has her first heat, it is possible for her to get pregnant. Male Labs will usually start showing interest to females at around this age, so you should assume they can impregnate another dog from this age. Whether you have a male or female Lab, you should avoid breeding them at this age.

Female dogs need to be both physically and sexually mature before they are bred. But, they also should not be too old. Ideally, somewhere between 2 and 4 years old is the right age for breeding your Labrador.

If you are not looking to breed your Lab, you may wish to talk to your vet about spaying or neutering them after they reach sexual maturity. Just remember the affect this can have on their physical growth, and the risk of joint problems.

When do Labradors Mature Mentally?

The third type of maturity that will be of interest to Labrador owners is mental maturity. Labs have a reputation for being friendly, affectionate, and eager to please. But, when theyre puppies, you might think people have been lying to you!

Lab puppies, like any puppies, can be boisterous, destructive, and bitey. This can lead to stress, exhaustion, and hopelessness in puppy owners. But, dont worry! Even if it doesnt seem like it, Labs will pass this stage when they reach mental maturity. The bad news is that this stage of maturity takes the longest to reach. In fact, some Labs can take up to two years to reach full mental maturity.

When Do Labradors Stop Biting and Chewing?

Labrador puppies are known for their biting phase. During this stage, it can seem like theyre never going to turn into the friendly, loving dog you were promised! But, this stage does pass as your Labrador puppy matures. Some of this biting is down to teething. Lab puppies will usually start teething from around 3 or 4 months old.

This stage can last until around 7 months old, when your Lab will have their full set of adult teeth. But, not all biting is due to teething. Puppies will also bite during play. So, practice calm behavior and ignore any biting that does happen. Dont reward bitey play times with attention, just remove yourself and your attention from the puppy. These steps can help to shorten the bitey period. But, its impossible to avoid it altogether!

When do Labradors Calm Down?

Along with biting, Labrador puppies can seem very boisterous and over-excited, particularly when they are playing with you. So when do Labradors mature and settle down? It can take up to 2 years for Labs to completely mature mentally. This means, boisterous and excitable play can last up to two years. But, there are things you can do whilst your puppy is growing to reduce this boisterous behavior.

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Make sure to reward your puppy when he or she is calm. This could be when they are entertaining themselves with a toy, or just when they are chilling around your house. This way, your puppy will learn that calm behavior earns them great things! And, they will be more likely to act this way in the future.

There may still be times when your Lab seems boisterous, noisy, or over-excitable, even with this tactic. But, it will help calm your pup down before they reach their full mental maturity.

The Labrador Site Founder

Pippa Mattinson is the best selling author of The Happy Puppy Handbook, the Labrador Handbook, Choosing The Perfect Puppy, and Total Recall.

She is also the founder of the Gundog Trust and the Dogsnet Online Training Program

Pippa's online training courses were launched in 2019 and you can find the latest course dates on the Dogsnet website

Labrador Retriever Dog Breed Info

Hello, potential Labrador Retriever owners! Considering one of these lively, loveable dogs for your family? Youre in the right place! Labradors, one of the UKs favourite breeds, are renowned for their hardworking origins and friendly nature.

Well cover their fascinating history, from helping fishermen in Canada to becoming beloved British pets. Well examine their physical traits, coat colours, grooming needs, and more. Plus, well touch on their bubbly temperament, their suitability for families, their trainability, and their health and exercise needs.

So, settle in, and lets discover why the Labrador breed might be the perfect addition to your family

Vital Stats:

Size: Large breed

Size of Home: Large house

Grooming: Once a week

Coat: Short

Sheds: Yes

Exercise: Daily walks or runs that last at least 30 minutes

Life Span: 10 to 14 years

Breed Group: Gundog

Temperament: Friendly, intelligent, loyal, loving companions and enthusiastic nature

What are The Physical Characteristics of the Labrador Retriever?

Size and Build

Labrador Retrievers are robust, athletic dogs with a solid build. They typically stand between 57 to 62 centimetres tall and weigh anywhere from 25 to 36 kilograms, depending on whether theyre a chap or a lass.

Male Labradors are generally a bit bigger than the females, but they both remain within the standard size range for the breed. They have well-proportioned, muscular bodies and strong legs that provide them with remarkable endurance and strength.

Coat Colours

Labradors come in three official colours: black, yellow lab, and chocolate lab. While these are the most common hues for Labradors, genetic factors can influence variations in their coat colour.

This means that you may see some Labradors with even more vibrant shades of these likes, such as deep red or light grey (also known as the silver labrador retriever). Additionally, some Labradors may even have dilute versions of colour, such as a blue-tinged black.

Theres also a special mention of Golden Retriever Labradors. While these cuties are not recognised by the Kennel Club as an official coat colour, theyre still highly sought after due to their gorgeous golden coats [1].

Pro Tip: A black labrador retriever is the most common colour for the breed, but if youre looking to stand out from the crowd, you may want to consider a more unique colour.

What grooming does a Labrador need?

Grooming and Moulting

Labradors are easy to groom due to their double coat, consisting of a soft, downy undercoat and a weather-resistant top coat.

This means theyre well protected from the elements and dont require as frequent baths as other breeds.

However, they do moult throughout the year and will need regular brushing with a slicker brush such as this one to keep their coat in top condition.

We suggest brushing your Labrador at least once a week and more often during the moulting season ( Spring & Autumn).

This will help loosen and remove any dead hair while distributing the oils from their skin across their coat, keeping it healthy and glossy.

Finally, Labradors are prone to drooling (not attractive), particularly after meals or when theyve had a drink of water.

To keep this under control, try to wipe down their face with a damp cloth regularly. This can help keep their facial fur clean and free from the dreadful drool.

Pro Tip: Check for any mats or tangles in your Labradors fur and brush them out gently if needed.

Allergies and Labradors Are Labradors Hypoallergenic?

An adult Labrador retriever is not hypoallergenic, which means it can trigger allergies in those who are sensitive to pet dander.

If you or someone in your family suffers from allergies, take extra precautions when considering a Labrador as a pet. This could involve buying special brushes and taking them on regular trips to the groomer for professional fur trimming if your budget allows.

Pro Tip: If you suffer from allergens, you may want to invest in a good air purifierand vacuum cleanerwith anti-allergen features.

Finally, be sure to give your Labrador regular baths and brush them often to keep their fur clean and free of any dander or allergens.

With these precautions in place, you can rest assured that you can still enjoy the company of a lovable Labrador without triggering allergies for yourself or anyone else in your family.

Does a Labrador Retriever have a good temperament?

General Temperament

Labradors are renowned for their friendly and enthusiastic nature. They are often described as:

• Intelligent
• Loyal
• Loving companions

Labradors love to play and can be quite mischievous at times, so its important to give them plenty of physical and mental stimulation throughout the day. Their intelligence makes them the perfect breed to be trained as assistance dogs, guide dogs, and search and rescue dogs.

Unfortunately, their naturally high energy levels and over-friendliness can lead to some common issues for owners. These include:

• Barking
• Digging
• Jumping up on people when theyre excited

Labradors are naturally inclined to water activities, so its important to get them used to the idea of swimming from an early age.

Start by introducing your Labrador pup to a shallow pool or lake and let them explore the water at their own pace.

Once theyre comfortable, you can start to play fetch in the water Labradors love this type of game, and its great exercise.

Do Labrador Retrievers make good family pets?

Labradors are an ideal companion for active and outdoorsy families. Their remarkable strength and endurance suit them for long hikes, bike rides, or swimming.

Furthermore, they have a cheerful, loyal, and devoted temperament that makes them a great family pet. Plus, their enthusiasm and eagerness to please their owners make them easy to train.

That said, Labradors are also known for their over-friendliness and tendency to bark, which can be problematic if not managed correctly.

As such, its important for owners to make sure they have the time and energy to devote to training their pup in order to avoid any behavioural issues.

Can Labradors Be Left Alone?

Labradors, as a breed, are known for their sociable and friendly nature. They thrive on companionship and interaction, whether its with their human family or other pets.

This inherent need for company is a crucial aspect to consider when considering leaving your Labrador alone.

The Impact of Alone Time on Labradors

Leaving a Labrador alone for extended periods can lead to feelings of loneliness and boredom.

Given their high energy levels and intelligence, Labradors need mental and physical stimulation throughout the day (like walkies before leaving them alone).

Without it, they can become restless and may resort to destructive behaviors such as chewing furniture or excessive barking.

Training Labradors to Handle Alone Time

While Labradors generally prefer company, they can be trained to handle alone time. This involves gradually acclimating them to being alone, starting with short periods and gradually increasing the duration.

According to the RSPCA, Labradors should be able to tolerate up to four hours of alone time without too much distress [2].

Considerations for Leaving Labradors Alone

Before leaving your Labrador alone, ensure theyve had enough exercise and have access to food, water, and a comfortable place to rest. Also, consider the age and health of your Labrador.

Puppies and older dogs may need more frequent attention. According to Purina, puppies should not be left alone for more than two hours [3].

Older dogs may also find it difficult to cope with long periods of alone time due to age-related issues such as arthritis and needing to pee more frequently.

Remember, every Labrador is unique, and what works for one may not work for another. Its important to understand your Labradors individual needs and temperament when planning to leave them alone.

Training your Labrador Retriever

Basic Training Tips

The Labrador Retriever is an incredibly intelligent breed that loves to please its owners, making it a great choice for training. Basic training can involve teaching your pup commands such as sit, stay and come as well as socializing them with other people and animals.

Command	Purpose	Training Tips
Sit	For control and discipline.	Hold a treat near the dogs nose, move hand up, causing the dogs head to follow and bottom to lower. Once in position, say sit, give the treat.
Stay	For safety.	Ask the dog to sit, open your palm and say stay. Take steps back. If the dog stays, give a treat. Gradually increase distance.
Come	To recall your dog.	With a leash on, go down to their level and say come while gently pulling the leash. Reward them when they come to you.
Down	To get your dog to lie down.	Hold a treat in your closed hand. Bring your hand to the dogs snout and then move your hand to the floor. Slide your hand along the ground to encourage the dog to follow. Once in the down position, say down and give them the treat.
Leave it	To prevent the dog from grabbing things.	Hold a treat in both hands. Show them one enclosed fist with the treat inside, and say, leave it. Ignore the behaviors they throw at you to get the treat, and once they stop trying, give them the treat from the other hand.
Heel	To keep your dog close during walks.	Start with your dog sitting at your left side. With a treat in your left hand, say heel and start walking. If your dog stays with you, give the treat as a reward.
Off	To discourage jumping.	When your dog jumps up, turn your back and say off. When all four paws are on the ground, give praise and a treat.
Drop it	To let go of items.	When your dog has something in their mouth, hold a treat in front of their nose and say drop it. When they drop the item, give the treat.
Fetch	For play and exercise.	Throw a toy and say fetch. When your dog picks up the toy, call them back with come, then have them drop it. Give praise and a treat.
Roll over	For play and mental stimulation.	With your dog in a down position, hold a treat near their nose and move your hand around their head to encourage them to roll over. Say roll over and give the treat when they do.
Paw/Shake hands	For interaction and play.	With your dog in a sit position, say paw and tap their paw. When they lift their paw, shake it and give a treat.
Wait	To prevent rushing out doors or from crates.	With a door or crate between you, say wait. Open the door/crate. If your dog waits, give a treat. If they try to rush through, close the door/crate and try again.
Find it	For games and mental stimulation.	Hide a treat or toy, then say find it. Praise and reward your dog when they find the hidden item.
Bed/Go to your place	For control and calming.	Point to the bed or designated place and say bed or go to your place. When your dog goes there, give a treat.

Positive reinforcement techniques such as treats, praise, and verbal rewards are key to successful training.

Its also important to start training your pup from a young age theyre more likely to pick up new commands and habits the earlier you start. Furthermore, regular repetition and consistency during training sessions will help ensure that your pup grasps the concepts quickly.

Finally, make sure to keep training sessions short to avoid boredom. This will ensure that your pup stays engaged and interested in the lesson so you can look forward to more successful (and enjoyable) training sessions.

Health and nutrition for your Labrador Retriever

Switching gears, lets focus on a vital topic your Labradors health and nutrition. A clear understanding of their common health challenges, coupled with proper feeding guidelines, can go a long way in promoting your Labs well-being.

Common Labrador Health Issues

• Hip dysplasia and elbow dysplasia
• Eye problems, such as progressive retinal atrophy
• Heat exhaustion or heatstroke
• Gastric dilatation volvulus (also known as gastric torsion)
• Obesity or weight gain
• Skin allergies and irritations
• Ear infections
• Heart diseases
• Joint issues

What are Labrador Feeding & Nutrition Guidelines

Proper nutrition and health of your Labrador Retriever breed are essential for their overall well-being. An understanding of common health issues they may face and the specific feeding guidelines that should be followed.

When it comes to feeding, Labradors require a balance of protein, carbohydrates and fats in order for these large breed dogs to stay healthy.

The amount you feed will depend on your pups age, size and activity level puppies need more food than adult dogs, while active Labs need more calories than those who are less active.

Generally speaking, an adult Labrador should consume 2-3 cups of high-quality dry dog food daily (divided into two meals). Special dietary considerations such as grain-free diets or low-fat diets may also be necessary, depending on your pets individual needs.

What are the exercise needs of a Labrador Retriever?

Exercise Requirements

Labradors are highly energetic and active dogs that require a lot of exercises to stay healthy and happy. Exercise helps keep them physically fit, mentally stimulated, and can help reduce behavioural issues such as barking or destructive tendencies.

Ideally, Labradors should be taken on daily walks or runs that last at least 30 minutes, as well as engaging in other physical activities such as fetch or swimming.

The frequency and intensity of your pups exercise is appropriate for their age, size and health status puppies should be given shorter walks at a slower pace than adult dogs.

In addition to physical exercise, its also important for Labradors to receive mental stimulation.

Puzzle interactive dog toys and games, such as hide and seek or agility courses, can help keep their minds active.

Check out our Anti-bark collar guide. An anti-bark collar can help reduce excessive barking and help your pup learn when it is appropriate to bark.

Do Labradors Retreivers travel well?

Labradors and Car Travel

Labradors, with their adaptable and easy-going nature, generally handle car travel quite well.

However, its important to introduce car travel to them gradually, starting with short trips before progressing to longer journeys.

Ensuring they have a comfortable and secure space in the vehicle is crucial. Using a dog seat belt or a travel crate can help keep your Labrador safe during the journey.

Labradors and Public Transport

Regarding public transport, Labradors can be trained to behave appropriately. However, first familiarise them with the sights, sounds, and movements associated with buses or trains before embarking on a long journey.

If you are planning a long trip, its best to familiarise them with a short journey first to ensure theyre comfortable.

Always check the rules and regulations of the transport provider regarding travelling with pets.

Pro Tip: Its important to make sure your Labrador is wearing a secure collar and ID tag when travelling in public places.

Labradors and Air Travel

Labradors, known for their adaptable and friendly disposition, can generally manage air travel.

However, its crucial to prepare them for this experience gradually, starting with short, calm exposure to the travel crate and the sounds and sensations associated with air travel before progressing to the real experience.

Labradors are generally known for their adaptable and outgoing nature, which can make them good travel companions.

Many Labradors enjoy exploring new environments and are comfortable with changes in routine, and they also tend to be social dogs who enjoy meeting new people and other dogs, which should help them feel at ease during their travels.

Remember, each dog is unique and may react differently to the experience of air travel. Its always best to consider your dogs health, temperament, and comfort when deciding whether to travel with them by plane.

General Tips for Travelling with Labradors

Regardless of the mode of transport, always ensure your Labrador has had a chance to exercise and relieve themselves before the journey.

Bring along their favourite toys and blankets to provide comfort, and dont forget to pack enough food, water, and any necessary medications.

Buying or adopting a Labrador Retriever puppy

Tips on Choosing a Lab Puppy

• Do your research: Before you decide to buy or adopt a puppy, make sure that you have thoroughly researched the breed including their potential health issues and personality traits.
• Visit a breeder: If youre buying from a breeder, always visit them in person and ask plenty of questions about the pups background as well as the parents.
• Check for reputable rescues or shelters: Reputable rescue organisations can be an excellent resource for finding puppies or adult rescue dogs who are looking for homes.
• Consider age: Puppies require more attention and training than older dogs, while adult dogs may already have learned certain habits that may need to be unlearned. Consider these factors before making your decision.
• Assess temperament and energy levels: Personality is important when choosing a dog! Spend time with any pups or adult dogs before adopting assess their temperament to ensure they match what youre looking for. Likewise, consider how active they are (or arent) so you can choose one whose activity level suits your lifestyle best.
• Have realistic expectations: Whether its a puppy or an adult dog, understand that no dog will ever be perfectly trained right away; it will take time and patience to get them accustomed to their new home.

What are the different types of Labradors ?

English Labs vs American Labs

• English (show) Labs
• American (working) Labs

Labradors are one of the most popular dog breeds in the world and come in two distinct types English Labs and American Labs. Both are lovable family dogs, but there are some notable differences between the two.

English Labs, also known as show Labs, were bred for conformation shows and are typically heavier and more stocky in size. They have a shorter muzzle, broad chest and shorter legs.

American Labs, also referred to as working Labs, were bred for physical activities such as hunting or retrieving. They tend to be leaner and taller than their English counterparts, with longer muzzles, narrower chests and longer legs.

Both types of Labradors have loving and loyal personalities, so its important to choose the right one for you based on your lifestyle and needs. Remember, both English and American Labs need plenty of exercise, mental stimulation and love.

The Pros and Cons of Owning a Labrador Retriever

What are the pros of owning a Labrador Retriever?

• Trainable and intelligent
• Good-natured and friendly disposition
• Highly affectionate and loyal to their owners
• Generally healthy breed with few health issues
• Adapts well to a variety of climates
• Great with children, other pets, and strangers
• Ideal size for most households
• Relatively low maintenance grooming requirements

What are the cons of owning a Labrador Retriever?

• Excessive barking and destructive chewing if not properly trained
• High energy level that requires regular exercise or activity
• Prone to obesity if not properly monitored
• Prices can vary significantly depending on the breeder and type of Lab
• Sheds heavily, especially during seasonal changes
• May require additional obedience training or socialisation due to their active personalities
• Can become destructive or anxious if left alone for long periods of time.

What is The Cost of Owning a Labrador Retriever?

Initial Purchase Cost

The initial cost of buying a Labrador Retriever from a breeder can vary widely depending on the breed and pedigree. Typically, show dogs or those with champion bloodlines will cost more than regular pet-quality Labradors.

Prices for KC-registered puppies can range anywhere from 1000 to over 3000 in the UK [4]. In comparison, pet-quality puppies from a responsible breeder typically cost between 400 and 1000.

Adopting or rescuing a Labrador Retriever is usually less expensive than buying one from a breeder. Adoption fees for adult Labs range from around 250 depending on the individual rescue organization, while puppy adoption fees can range from 250 to 400.

Image Source: Sambla.SE

When adopting a Labrador Retriever, its important to consider the additional costs associated with your new pet, such as vaccinations, spaying or neutering, and routine medical care.

Additionally, you may need to purchase supplies such as a bed, collar and leash, toys, and food bowls, which can add up quickly.

Regular Expenses

• Food and treats
• Veterinary care
• Grooming & Supplies
• Training
• Insurance
• Boarding/daycare
• Dog walker/pet sitter
• Fees for activities such as agility classes or doggie daycare can also add up quickly.

Overall, the cost of owning a Labrador Retriever can vary significantly depending on your individual needs. However, with proper care and training, this loving breed can bring years of joy to you and your family.

Frequently Asked Questions

What Is the Life Expectancy of a Labrador Retriever?

Labrador Retrievers typically enjoy a life span of around 10 to 14 years. This can, of course, vary based on numerous factors, including diet, exercise, and overall health care. Regular vet check-ups and a healthy, balanced lifestyle can greatly contribute to Labradors longevity.

Do Labrador Retrievers Get Along with Other Pets?

Absolutely, they do! Labrador Retrievers are renowned for their sociable and amiable disposition. They generally get on splendidly with other dogs and even cats, particularly when theyve been properly socialised from a young age.

However, its always sensible to supervise initial introductions and interactions with other pets, as every dog is unique.

How Can I Tell if a Labrador Retriever Is Purebred?

Ascertain whether a Labrador Retriever is purebred can be a bit tricky without proper documentation. Ideally, a purebred Labrador will come with papers from a recognised kennel club, like The Kennel Club in the UK, which certifies its pedigree.

Physical characteristics can provide some indicators, but for a surefire confirmation, a DNA test would be the most reliable method.

What Kind of Health Checks Should My Labrador Retriever Have, and How Often?

Regular vet check-ups are paramount for your Labrador Retrievers health. These should be scheduled at least once a year for a general health assessment and vaccinations.

Since Labradors can be prone to certain health conditions, such as hip and elbow dysplasia, regular screenings for these issues are recommended. Regular weight checks are also advised due to Labradors tendency for weight gain.

Conclusion

Labradors are beloved family pets who are known for their intelligence, loyalty and affectionate nature. Whether you choose an English or American Lab, both types of this breed require plenty of exercise, mental stimulation and love to stay happy and healthy.

If youre looking for a pup or adult dog to join your family, do your research first to find the perfect fit.

Sources

1. Retriever (Labrador) | Breeds A to Z | The Kennel Club. Thekennelclub.org.uk. Published 2020. Accessed June 18, 2023.https://www.thekennelclub.org.uk/search/breeds-a-to-z/breeds/gundog/retriever-labrador/
2. Treating Separation Anxiety in Dogs | RSPCA. Rspca.org.uk. Published 2017. Accessed June 18, 2023.https://www.rspca.org.uk/adviceandwelfare/pets/dogs/behaviour/separationrelatedbehaviour/treatment#
3. How Long Can You Leave a Dog or Puppy Alone? | Purina. Purina.co.uk. Published 2021. Accessed June 18, 2023. https://www.purina.co.uk/articles/dogs/behaviour/common-questions/how-long-can-you-leave-a-dog-alone#
4. Find a puppy | The Kennel Club. Thekennelclub.org.uk. Published 2018. Accessed June 19, 2023. https://www.thekennelclub.org.uk/search/find-a-puppy/
5. Sambla. The Most Expensive Dog Breeds of All Time Sambla. Published 2022. Accessed June 19, 2023. https://www.sambla.se/en/blog/most-expensive-dog-breeds/

Jeff Carbridge is a dog behaviourist and trainer with 15 years of experience. He is strongly interested in nutrition and diet for both canines and humans. Jeff has been featured in several publications, providing expert commentary on dog-related topics. His knowledge and expertise make him a valuable resource for anyone seeking to improve the health and well-being of their dogs.